Lock tree

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SQL Server is a useful tool to monitor the locking status occurring in the database in real time and check detailed information related to the lock of a session. This feature allows users to quickly identify locking issues that may cause database performance degradation and analyze its cause.

The provided key features are as follows:

• Lock status visualization: You can check the locks that occurred during the day in a visualized graph. This allows you to see the time zone and frequency of the locks occurred.

• Provision of session information: It provides detailed information about the sessions that caused the lock in a table format. You can check information such as each session status, waiting time, waiting type, and SQL statement being executed.

Basic usage guide

1. Select the date to view and set the time in Date at the top of the screen.

2. Select an instance to monitor.

You can check the lock that occurred during the set time on the selected instance.

If a lock occurs during the set period, you can analyze whether lock occurrences are concentrated in a specific time period or whether a specific session continuously causes locks in the lock wait sessions graph and the table at the bottom.

Note

You can see the data in 5-second increments by dragging within 3 hours on the chart. However, the data in 5-second increments can only be viewed within the most recent month. The data earlier than one month can only be viewed as 5-minute summary data. For example, you can drag (drill down) lock tree data from 40 days ago for the 5-minute summary data, but you cannot see 5-second data.

Column information guide

Details for each session are provided in the following columns:

Item	Description
application	Name of the application that created the session.
client	Name or IP address of the client that created the session.
db	Name of the database to which the session is connected.
elapsed_time	Elapsed time (milliseconds) since the session started. It is used to measure how much time has passed since a lock occurred.
host	Name of the client host that created the session.
id	Unique ID for the locked session.
last_wait_type	Last type that the session waited for.
row_count	Number of rows processed in the session.
sql_param	Parameter value of the SQL statement running in the session.
sql_text	Entire text of the SQL statement running in the session.
status	Current status of the session. For example, there are running, suspended, sleeping, and such which indicate whether the session is active or waiting.
user	Name of the user connected to SQL Server.
wait_resource	It indicates the resource the session is waiting for.
wait_time	Time (milliseconds) that the session has been waiting.
wait_type	Type of wait the session is in. For example, it includes information such as lock wait or IO wait.

Note

WhaTap basically stores the client-related information.

wait_type

The wait_type column is a value that indicates a specific resource or event on which a query or transaction is waiting in SQL Server. SQL Server uses various wait types internally to manage the system performance and diagnose problems.

I/O-related waits

• PAGEIOLATCH_EX: It waits for an exclusive lock to read a data page.

• PAGEIOLATCH_SH: It waits for a shared lock to read a data page.

• FILEIO: It waits for a file I/O operation.

Lock-related waits

• LCK_M_X: Exclusive lock wait.

• LCK_M_S: Shared lock wait.

• LCK_M_U: Update lock wait.

• RESOURCE_SEMAPHORE': Resource semaphore wait when waiting to acquire memory resources.

Other waits

• CKPACKET: Inter-thread synchronization wait in parallel queries.

• ASYNC_NETWORK_IO: It waits for network I/O operation to be processed.

• SLEEP_*: It is waiting due to a WAITFOR or WAITFOR DELAY statement.

• BROKER_* : It waits for a service broker message.

• LOCK_MANAGER: Lock management waits and the waits related to the lock manager in SQL Server.

wait_resource

The wait_resource column provides information about the resource on which a request running in SQL Server is waiting. A string for a request waiting for a specific resource indicates the specific ID or location of the resource being waited for.

For key resource types and examples, see the following:

• PAGE: <file_id>:<page_id>

  It indicates a wait for a data page.

  e.g. PAGE: 1:12345

• FILE: <file_id>

  It indicates a wait for the entire data file.

  e.g. FILE: 1

• 0BJECT: <cobject_id>

  It indicates a wait for a specific table.

  e.g. 0BJECT: 123456

• DATABASE: <database_id>

  It indicates a wait for a specific database.

  e.g. DATABASE: 5

• KEY: <key_id>

  It indicates a wait for an index key or a key of another data structure.

  e.g. KEY: 67890

• RID: <file_id>:<page_id>:<row_id>

  If the wait_resource column is RID (Row Identifier), it indicates a wait for a specific row in SQL Server. RID is a unique ID that identifies a specific row in a table in SQL Server.

  e.g. RID: 1:1234:5678

Note

• <file_id> represents the ID of the data file.

• <page_id> represents the page ID.

• <object_id> represents the ID of the table.

• <database_1d> represents the ID of the database.

• <key_id> is the key ID.

• <row_id> represents an ID that identifies a row within the page.